{"id":1511155,"date":"2024-06-19T14:05:27","date_gmt":"2024-06-19T18:05:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cladiator.com\/normes-de-performance-des-batiments-implications-financieres-pour-les-proprietaires-et-les-locataires\/"},"modified":"2026-03-13T10:18:45","modified_gmt":"2026-03-13T14:18:45","slug":"normes-de-performance-des-batiments-implications-financieres-pour-les-proprietaires-et-les-locataires","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cladiator.com\/fr\/normes-de-performance-des-batiments-implications-financieres-pour-les-proprietaires-et-les-locataires\/","title":{"rendered":"Normes de performance des b\u00e2timents, implications financi\u00e8res pour les propri\u00e9taires et les locataires."},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, le d\u00e9bat sur la durabilit\u00e9 et le changement climatique est devenu de plus en plus urgent. Les villes, en tant que centres d’activit\u00e9 \u00e9conomique et de population, jouent un r\u00f4le crucial dans l’att\u00e9nuation de l’impact sur l’environnement. Les normes de performance des b\u00e2timents (BPS) constituent un outil important dans l’arsenal des urbanistes et des d\u00e9cideurs politiques. Ces normes sont con\u00e7ues pour r\u00e9glementer l’efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique et l’impact environnemental des b\u00e2timents, dans le but de cr\u00e9er des environnements urbains plus durables.<\/p>\n\n

Bon nombre des plus grandes villes des \u00c9tats-Unis ont adopt\u00e9 des lois exigeant que les b\u00e2timents respectent certaines normes d’\u00e9mission. Il s’agit notamment de \n La loi locale 97 de la ville de New York<\/strong>\n<\/a>, \n la loi BERDO de Boston<\/strong>\n<\/a>de Boston et \n BEPS de Seattle<\/strong>\n<\/a>de Seattle, entre autres. Les limites des \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre seront de plus en plus strictes dans les ann\u00e9es \u00e0 venir, avec des amendes \u00e9lev\u00e9es en cas de non-respect.<\/p>\n\n

Propri\u00e9taires. <\/strong>En 2019, la ville de New York a adopt\u00e9 les premi\u00e8res normes de performance des b\u00e2timents du pays (Local Law 97), dans le cadre de la loi sur la mobilisation pour le climat (Climate Mobilization Act), avec pour objectif de r\u00e9duire les \u00e9missions des b\u00e2timents de 40 % d’ici \u00e0 2030 et de 80 % d’ici \u00e0 2050. La loi locale 97 concerne plus de 50 000 b\u00e2timents priv\u00e9s dans la ville.<\/p>\n\n

Le respect de la loi locale 97 (et des BPS similaires) n\u00e9cessite une strat\u00e9gie de d\u00e9carbonisation \u00e0 long terme pour l’ensemble des b\u00e2timents, qui int\u00e8gre la mod\u00e9lisation \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique, la planification des investissements, ainsi que la location et l’am\u00e9nagement des locaux. La valeur des actifs des b\u00e2timents de New York est d\u00e9j\u00e0 affect\u00e9e, les acheteurs r\u00e9duisant les prix pour att\u00e9nuer les amendes li\u00e9es aux \u00e9missions. Les b\u00e2timents qui respectent ou d\u00e9passent les normes actuelles (et futures) sont lou\u00e9s plus rapidement, le taux de rotation et d’inoccupation est r\u00e9duit (pensez aux factures d’\u00e9nergie moins \u00e9lev\u00e9es) et la valeur des biens immobiliers est augment\u00e9e lors de la vente ou du refinancement. Le co\u00fbt de la non-conformit\u00e9 peut atteindre des millions de dollars par an et, dans de nombreuses juridictions, les amendes suivent le b\u00e2timent \u00e0 jamais comme un privil\u00e8ge sur la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 si elles ne sont pas pay\u00e9es.<\/p>\n\n

Locataires.<\/strong> Les baux triple net (NNN) transf\u00e8rent d’importantes responsabilit\u00e9s financi\u00e8res aux locataires, qui sont tenus de payer les taxes, l’assurance et l’entretien en plus du loyer et des services publics. Le d\u00e9veloppement de normes de reporting environnemental, social et de gouvernance (ESG) a soulev\u00e9 des questions sur la responsabilit\u00e9 en mati\u00e8re de consommation d’\u00e9nergie et d’\u00e9missions de carbone. M\u00eame si les locataires utilisent le b\u00e2timent, les cadres ESG exigent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement des propri\u00e9taires de b\u00e2timents qu’ils divulguent et g\u00e8rent les donn\u00e9es relatives \u00e0 l’efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique, ce qui complique la t\u00e2che des propri\u00e9taires qui ont des baux \u00e0 trois volets. De nouvelles r\u00e9glementations, comme la loi locale 97 de New York, obligent les propri\u00e9taires d’immeubles \u00e0 surveiller activement et \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer les performances de leurs b\u00e2timents, ind\u00e9pendamment des contrats de location dans lesquels les locataires contr\u00f4lent l’acc\u00e8s aux donn\u00e9es relatives aux services publics.<\/p>\n\n

Pour relever ces d\u00e9fis, les propri\u00e9taires adoptent de plus en plus souvent des baux verts comme solution. Les baux verts facilitent la collaboration entre les propri\u00e9taires et les locataires en incluant des clauses qui autorisent les propri\u00e9taires \u00e0 acc\u00e9der aux donn\u00e9es relatives aux services publics. Ces baux pr\u00e9voient souvent des m\u00e9canismes de partage des co\u00fbts et obligent les locataires \u00e0 se conformer \u00e0 des mesures d’efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique telles que la pose de compteurs divisionnaires et la mise en service des \u00e9quipements.<\/p>\n\n

Professionnels de la construction et de la conception.<\/strong> Alors que les villes continuent \u00e0 se d\u00e9velopper et \u00e0 faire face aux d\u00e9fis du changement climatique, les normes de performance des b\u00e2timents sont susceptibles de jouer un r\u00f4le de plus en plus important. Ils repr\u00e9sentent une approche proactive de la \n durabilit\u00e9<\/strong>\n<\/a>Ils encouragent l’innovation dans la conception et l’exploitation des b\u00e2timents tout en r\u00e9duisant les \u00e9missions et la consommation de ressources.<\/p>\n\n

Les normes de performance des b\u00e2timents peuvent rendre les villes plus r\u00e9sistantes au changement climatique en r\u00e9duisant la demande d’\u00e9nergie et la d\u00e9pendance \u00e0 l’\u00e9gard des r\u00e9seaux \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques centralis\u00e9s. \n Les r\u00e9novations profondes<\/strong>\n<\/a> qui comprennent des am\u00e9liorations de l’enveloppe, peuvent entra\u00eener des r\u00e9ductions de 40 \u00e0 80 % des \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre (GES). 70 % des b\u00e2timents existants aujourd’hui le seront encore en 2050 – la modernisation peut permettre de r\u00e9duire les \u00e9missions de carbone de 50 \u00e0 %-70% % par rapport \u00e0 une construction \u00e0 partir de z\u00e9ro.<\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

CLADIATOR\u00ae<\/sup> <\/a><\/strong>brevet\u00e9 Syst\u00e8mes de fixation de bardage \u00e0 rupture thermique<\/strong><\/a> Les syst\u00e8mes de fixation de bardage \u00e0 rupture thermique CLADATOR\u00ae, en tant qu’\u00e9l\u00e9ments de fa\u00e7ades \u00e0 \u00e9cran pare-pluie tr\u00e8s performantes, favorisent l’efficacit\u00e9 thermique, une meilleure r\u00e9silience<\/strong><\/a>et la r\u00e9duction des \u00e9missions dans le cadre d’une strat\u00e9gie globale de conformit\u00e9 au BPS pour les nouvelles constructions et les r\u00e9novations de fa\u00e7ades.<\/p>\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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